1、on load tap changing transformer

2、Under-load tap changing transformer is modeled using a switch function, and the impact of distributed generator outage is included.

3、In the operation of distribution system, if frequently change the tap of capacitors and regulators, these devices would be easily damaged. So it is necessary to lower the tap changing times.

4、In engineering design of integrated automation of substation, the display of tap changing switch position for main transformer is to add position transducer in the conventional scheme.