2014年高考英语试题分类汇编：阅读之新题型有解析

2014全国高考汇编阅读新题型一（2014安徽卷）任务型读写（共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分）阅读下面短文，根据所读内容在表格中的空白处填入恰当的单词。注意：每个空格只填一个单词。Manypeoplebelievethatclassicalmusicisnotrelevanttoyoungpeopletoday.However,thisissue(问题)frequentlycausesheateddebate.Somepeoplesaythatclassicalmusicisassociatedonlywitholdpeople.Forexample,ifyoulookattheaudienceataclassicalconcert,themajorityisovertheageoffifty.Otherssayitismorepopularthanwefirstimagine.Manyyoungpeoplelistentoclassicalmusicwithoutrealising.Itisoftenusedinfilmsandadvertisements.Forexample.afamouspieceofclassicalmusicwasusedasthethememusicforthe1990WorldCup.Notmanypeoplecouldhavegivenitsname,butmillionsenjoyedit.Also,somepeoplepointoutthatyoungpeopleproducenewmusicbasedonclassicalideas:forexample,itissaidthatrap(说唱)musicwasinventedbyaclassicalmusicianin1912,butitisnowusedbyyoungpeopleinpopmusic.However,youngpeoplepointtothefactthatclassicalmusichasbeenoutstripped(超越)bytechnology.Toplayaclassicalinstrument,suchasaviolin,youneedtostudyhardandpractiseforhours.Nowadays,youdon'tneedtogetachingarmsfrompractising.Ateenagercanwriteandmakemusicusingaputerprograminthefortoftheirownbedroom.Afinalpointtoinmindisthattheterm"classicalmusic"isusedtorefertoagreatvarietyofmusic,fromjazztopiecesforlargeorchestras(管弦乐队).Thismakesitevenmoredifficulttosaywhetherclassicalmusicisrelevanttoyoungpeople.So,itmaybeonlyaminorityofyoungpeoplewhoplayclassicalinstruments,butwhenitestoenjoyingclassicalmusic,itdependsonthepieceofmusic.Itmaybemorerelevanttoyoungpeopleinthemodernworldthantheyrealise!TitleClassicalMusicIntroductionTheissueofwhetherclassicalmusicis(76)toyoungpeoplecausesheateddebate.OpinionsEvidence●Classicalmusicisassociatedonlywitholdpeonl.●(77)oftheaudienceataclassicalconcertareoverfifty.●Manyyoungpeopledon’t(78)somemusictheylistentoisclassical.●Classicalmusicisoftenfoundinfilmsandadvertisements.●Classicalideasprovidea(79)forproducingnewmusic.●Youngpeoplenow(80)rapinpopularmusic.●(81)hasputclassicalmusicatadisadvantage.●Ayoungmancanwriteandmakemusiconaputer(82)inhisbedroom.●“Classicalmusic”canrefertovarious(83)●Classicalmusic(84)fromjazztopiecesforlargeorchestras.ConclusionClassicalmusicmaystillbe(85)byyoungpeopletoday.【*】relevant【试题解析】原词再现。根据文章第一段可知很多人都认为古典音乐和年轻人是无关的。但是这一说法引起了人们的热烈讨论。第一段第一句classicalmusicisnotrelevanttoyoungpeople可知本句应该选relevant。77.【*】most【试题解析】同义词转换。根据第二段最后一句themajorityisovertheageoffifty.可知参加这样的演唱会的人主要都是50多岁的人，把majority换成了most，都表示“大部分的，主要的人”。78.【*】realize/know/recognize【试题解析】词形转换。根据第三段第一句Manyyoungpeoplelistentoclassicalmusicwithoutrealising.很多人在没有意识到的情况下都在听古典音乐。原文中使用的是动名词realizing的形式，本句中放在don’t的后面，使用动词原形。79.【*】basis【试题解析】同义词转换。根据第四段第一句youngpeopleproducenewmusicbasedonclassicalideas很多年轻人是在古典音乐的基础上创造新音乐的。也就是说古典音乐是很多心音乐的基础。故使用名词basis。80.【*】use【试题解析】原词再现。根据第四段第二句itissaidthatrap(说唱)musicwasinventedbyaclassicalmusicianin1912,butitisnowusedbyyoungpeopleinpopmusic.可知在现代音乐里年轻人使用了rap的形式。81.【*】technology【试题解析】原词再现。根据第五段第一句youngpeoplepointtothefactthatclassicalmusichasbeenoutstripped(超越)bytechnology.古典音乐正在被现代技术所超越。原文里使用的是被动语态，表格里使用了主动语态的形式。82.【*】fortably【试题解析】词*转换。根据第五段最后一行Ateenagercanwriteandmakemusicusingaputerprograminthefortoftheirownbedroom.年轻人可以在很舒服的卧室里使用电脑程序创造乐曲。原文使用的是名词fort，表格里使用副词fortably做状语修饰动词短语makemusiconaputer。83.【*】kinds/types/sorts【试题解析】同义词转换。根据第六段第一句theterm"classicalmusic"isusedtorefertoagreatvarietyofmusic古典音乐这个词被用来指各种各样的音乐。原文中使用avarietyof各种各样的，表格里使用了variouskinds/types/sortsof的形式。84.【*】ranges【试题解析】同义句转换。根据第六段第一句theterm"classicalmusic"isusedtorefertoagreatvarietyofmusic,fromjazztopiecesforlargeorchestras(管弦乐队).古典音乐被用来指各种各样的音乐，东爵士乐到大型的管弦乐。动词短语rangefrom…to…从…到…变化。在句中做谓语部分。85.【*】enjoyed/liked/loved【试题解析】推理题。根据最后一段第二句whenitestoenjoyingclassicalmusic,itdependsonthepieceofmusic.当谈及喜欢古典音乐的时候，要取决于那一首曲子。也就说古典音乐任然受到人们的喜爱。本句是一个被动语态的形式，故使用过去分词enjoyed/liked/loved。二（2014*卷）第二节（共5小题；每小题2分。共10分）根据短文内容，从短文后的七个选项中选出正确的填入空白处。选项中有两项为多余选项。EvaluatingSources(来源)ofhealthInformationMakinggoodchoicesaboutyourownhealthrequairsreasonableevaluation.Akeyfirststepinbetteringyourevaluationabilityistolookcarefullyatyoursourcesofhealthyinformation.Resonableevaluationincludesknowingwhereandhowtofindrelevantinformation,howtoseparatefactfromopinions,howtorecognizepoorreasoning,andhowtoanalyzeinformationandthereliabilityofsources.71Gototheoriginalsource.Mediareportsoftensimplifytheresultsofmedicalresearch.Findoutforyourselfwhatastudyreallyreported,anddeterminwhetheritwasbasedongoodscience.Thinkaboutthetypeofstudy.72Watchformisleadinglanguage.Somestudieswillfindthatabehaviour“contributesto”oris“associatedwith”anoute;thisdoesnotmeanthatacertaincoursemustleadtoacertainresult.73Carefullyreadorlistentoinformationinordertofullyunderstandit.Useyourmonsense.Ifareportseemstoogoodtobetrue,probablyitis.Beespeciallycarefulofinformationcontainedinadvertisements.74Evaluate“scientific”statementscarefully,andbeawareofquackery(*湖骗术).75Friendsandfamilymemberscanbeagreatsourceofideasandinspiration,buteachofusneedstofindahealthylifestylethatworksforus.Developingtheabilitytoevaluatereasonablyandindependentlyaboutthehealthproblemswillserveyouwellthroughoutyourlife.A.Makechoicethatarerightforyou.B.Thegoalofanadistosellyousomething.C.Besuretoworkthroughthecriticalquestions.D.Andexaminethefindingsoftheoriginalresearch.E.Distinguishbetweenresearchreportsandpublichealthadvice.F.Beawarethatinformationmayalsobeincorrectlyexplainedbyanauthor’spointofview.G.Thefollowingsuggestionscanhelpyousortthroughthehealthinformationyoureceivefrommonsources.71【*】G【试题解析】根据下面及段中的第一句Gototheoriginalsource.和Watchformisleadinglanguage.和Useyourmonsense.可知这些都是一些评估健康信息来源的建议。故G项符合上下文串联。72.【*】D【试题解析】本段表示要找到信息最初的来源。要自己去找到原来真正报道的内容，要确认是通过很严肃的方法得到的确定的信息。故D项符合上下文串联。73.【*】F【试题解析】本段的标题是：注意误导*的语言。有些研究发现某些行为与某种结果有关。那么作为读者我们要知道有些信息也许是错误的解释了，所以我们要细心阅读以求充分理解。故F项符合语境。74.【*】【试题解析】根据前面一句Beespeciallycarefulofinformationcontainedinadvertisements.可知要我们特别注意广告里包含的信息，因为广告里的信息是为了向我们出售一些内容，所以广告的信息很可能是不准确的。所以要当心*湖骗术。故项符合语境。【*】A【试题解析】根据下面两句可知朋友和家人可能是激励信息的主要来源，但是每个人都要找到一个起作用的健康的生活方式。也就是说要为自己选择合适的信息来源。故A正确。三（2014广东卷）阅读下列应用文及相关信息，并按照要求匹配信息，请在答题卡上将对应题号的相应选项字母涂黑。首先请阅读某大学提供给学生的项目信息：A．InpanyExperienceChallengingpostsinindustryforgapyearstudents.Useyouracademicandinterpersonalskillstoimproveaproductorserviceprovidedbyatopnamepanyandgetpaidforit!CampWorldWorkincampsforyoungpeopleinoneormoreofthefivecontinents.Youhelporganizesportsactivitiesandotheroutdoorpursuitsandyoucouldendupwithaqualificationasaninstructor.D.munityCareVolunteerworkathomeandabroadwiththephysicallyandmentallyhandicapped,thehomeless,theelderlyandorphans.You’llneedtobemitted,patientandsensitivetoothers.AcademicStudyYearSpendawholeyearstudyingataforeignuniversityinEurope,theUSAorevenfurtherafield,withoutthepressureofexams.Acmodationwithlocalfamilies.Grantsavailable.E.F.ConservationInternationalConservationandresearchworkwithteamsofvolunteersonnaturereservesinSouthAmericaandAfrica.Projectsincludemonitoringwildlife,pathbuildingandwaterandsoilconservation.LanguageTeachersAbroadTeachyourownlanguageorEnglishinalmostanycountryintheworld.Classsizesvaryfromonetoonehundredandresourcescanbebasic,butyourstudentswillweleyouwithopenarms.46.Igrowupinaverybigfamily.MyparentshaveraisedtwelvekidsandIamtheirfirstborn.Ithasbeenmydutytohelpmymomtakecareofmybrothersandsisters.Tohandlethem,oftenIhavetoorganizeanoutdooractivity,likeasoftballgame.ImustsaythatIhavethepotentialtoworkasaninstructor.47.Lastyear,mydoggotcrippledafterlosingthefighttomyneighbor’sbulldog.Irinseditswoundwithsomelotionandtieditslegwithastick.Ihadhimtakemedicineeverydayforafullmonth.Finallyherecovered.IthinkIcanhelptheelderlyandthedisabledaswell.IfeelsogoodwhenIcanofferhelp.48.Iamafilmbuff.AbigfanofAntonioBanderas.Heissowildandcharming.Becauseofhim,IfellinlovewithSpain.TheLatindanceandthebullfightarereallyexciting.Oh,ifonlyIcouldstayinSpainasanexchangestudent!IwouldbelearningSpanishsowellthatIcanwatchaSpanishfilmwiththedubbing.49.IhadtheexperienceofworkingasasocialworkerinSwitzerlandlastsummer.Ilovethecountryanditspeople.Therearegreatmountainsforclimbersandthelocalpeoplearesonicetostrangers.IhelpedthekidswiththeirEnglish.Myteachingskillsimprovedgreatlyduringmystay.NowI’mwellpreparedtoworkasalanguageinstructor.50.IspentmygapyeartravelingalloverAfricalastyear.Itwasdefinitelyaneyeopeningexperience.Theexoticclothesandtribaldancesofthepeoplereallyfascinatedme.ButIwasmostamazedbythewildlifethere.Ireallytookgreatpleasureinwatchingthoseanimalshuntingtheirprey.Youknow,Ispecializeinzoology,andI’magoodobserver.46.【*】B【试题解析】本部分中的我生活在一个大家庭里，很喜欢孩子。总是帮助妈妈照顾弟弟妹妹，组织一下户外活动。想成为一名教育者。B项中Youhelporganizesportsactivitiesandotheroutdoorpursuitsandyoucouldendupwithaqualificationasaninstructor.帮助组织户外活动，而且最后还可以取得一个资格*书，恰好符合46部分中我的要求。47.【*】C【试题解析】本部分中的学生很有耐心和爱心，因为他曾经照顾受伤的小*，帮助清洗伤口，上*。C项中You’llneedtobemitted,patientandsensitivetoothers.帮助那些老人需要的也正是耐心和一些医学上的知识。符合47部分的学生的情况。48.【*】D【试题解析】本部分的学生是AntonioBanderas的拥趸，因此他很喜欢双宾语，拉丁舞等，而且希望能够成为西班牙的交换生。D部分SpendawholeyearstudyingataforeignuniversityinEurope,theUSAorevenfurtherafield,withoutthepressureofexams.提及可以到欧洲，美国孩子更远的地方去学习国外文化。西班牙可能也是其中之一的国家。所以符合48部分中学生的要求。49.【*】F【试题解析】本部分的学生有在瑞士做社会工作者的经历，是一名英语老师，教学水平提高很快。F部分中TeachyourownlanguageorEnglishinalmostanycountryintheworld到国外去教书，可以是你的母语，也可能是英语。符合F项中学生的要求。50.【*】E【试题解析】本部分的学生去过非洲，研究过野生动物，是一名很好的观察者。E项中onnaturereservesinSouthAmericaandAfrica.Projectsincludemonitoringwildlife,pathbuildingandwaterandsoilconservation可知该项目包括观察野生动物，水土保护等。要求的有较好的观察能力。E项中的学生符合要求。四（2014湖南卷）WriteNOMORETHANTHREEWORDSforeachanswer.Manyofusinvestvaluabletime，energyandmoneyplanningourvacations.Wedothisbecauseweknowforsurethatgoingonvacationsmustbegoodforus.Researchprovesthisfeelingwithoutadoubt.Vacationshelpusperformbetteratwork,improveoursleepqualityandcushionusagainstdepression.Yet,despitethesebenefits,manyofusreturnhomewithafeelingthatourlastvacationwasOKbutnotgreat.Inordertochangethis,somemistakesshouldbeavoided.Aclassiconeforvacationplannersisattemptingtomaximizevalueformoneybyplanningtripsthathavetoomanyponents(组成部分)•Perhapsyou’replanningatriptoEurope,sevencitiesin10days，andyourealizeitwillcostonlyalittlemoretoaddtwomoredestinationstothelistSoundsfineintheory,buthoppingfromoneplacetothenexthardlygivesanopportunitytoexperiencewhatpsychologistscallmindfulnesstimetotakeinournewsurroundings,timetobepresentandabsorbourtravelexperiences.Anothermistakeisthatweworrytoomuchaboutstrategicissuessuchashowtofindagoodflightdeal，howtogetfromAtoB，orwhichdestinationstoaddorsubtractfromourjourney.Theseissuesmayseemimportant,butourpsychologicalstateofmindisfarmoreimportant.Actually,vacationhappinessisbasedonthefollowingtoprules.First,chooseyourtravelpanionswisely,becausenothingcontributesmoresignificantlytoatripthantherightpanions.Second，don’tspendyourvacationtimeinaplacewhereeverythingistooexpensivesoastomaintainapositivemood.Third,shopwisely,formeaningfulexperiencesprovidemorelongtermhappinessthanphysicalpossessions.abetter72atworkanimproved73areducedlevelofdepressionbenefitsTitle:Happy71A(n)74tomaximizevalueformoneyToomuch75aboutthefollowingissuesFindinga(n)76Selectingthebesttravelroute77orsubtractingdestinationsMistakestobeavoidedMakingawise79oftravelpanionsChoosingdestinationsproperly807871.【*】vacation【试题解析】原词再现。本题考察的是主旨大意题。本文主要讲述的是假期给我们带来的好处和不利之处。根据文章的第一句Manyofusinvestvaluabletime，energyandmoneyplanningourvacations.可知讲述的是快乐的假期的话题。72.【*】performance【试题解析】词*转换。根据文章第一段第3行Vacationshelpusperformbetteratwork可知假期可以帮助我们提高工作表现。原文里使用的是动词perform，表格里要使用的是名词performance。73.【*】qualityofsleep【试题解析】原词再现。根据第一段最后一句Vacationshelpusperformbetteratwork,improveoursleepqualityandcushionusagainstdepression.可知假期可以提高我们的睡眠质量。74.【*】attempt【试题解析】词形转换。根据第二段3,4行Aclassiconeforvacationplannersisattemptingtomaximizevalueformoneybyplanningtripsthathavetoomanyponents(组成部分)•可知人们经常会犯的一个错误就是企图在假期里加入太多的组成部分。原文是动词的现在分词，表格里放在a/an的后面，需要使用的是名词。75.【*】worry【试题解析】词*转换。根据第二段倒数3,4行Anothermistakeisthatweworrytoomuchaboutstrategicissuessuchashowtofindagoodflightdeal，howtogetfromAtoB。原文中是动词，表格里使用的是名词。76.【*】goodflightdeal【试题解析】原词再现。根据文章第二段倒数3,4行Anothermistakeisthatweworrytoomuchaboutstrategicissuessuchashowtofindagoodflightdeal，howtogetfromAtoB。可知findagoodflightdeal也是缺点之一。77.【*】adding【试题解析】词形转换。根据第二段最后2行whichdestinationstoaddorsubtractfromourjourney原文中使用的是动词原形add，但在表格里这一列都使用的是doing的形式。所以这里也使用adding。78.【*】rules【试题解析】原词再现。根据第三段第一行Actually,vacationhappinessisbasedonthefollowingtoprules.可知本段是关于快乐假期的诸多规则。79.【*】choice【试题解析】词*转换。根据第三段第二句First,chooseyourtravelpanionswisely可知首先我们要选择一个合适的旅游公司。文章里使用的是动词choose，表格里使用的是名词choice。80.【*】hoppingwisely【试题解析】词形转换。根据文章最后一句Third,shopwisely,formeaningfulexperiencesprovidemorelongtermhappinessthanphysicalpossessions.想要得到快乐的旅游，很重要的就是要理智购物。文章里使用的是动词shopwisely，表格这一列都使用的是动名词doing的形式，所以也使用shoppingwisely。五（2014湖南卷）KidsandPondsYearsagotherewasagroupofkidswhowouldhangaroundatsomelocalpondsinthewoodsneartheirhousesinWarwick,RhodeIsland.Insummertheycaughtfrogsandfish.Whenwinterarrivedtheycouldn’twaittogoskating.Timepassed,andthepondsbecametheonlyopenspaceforthekidstoenjoythemselvesinthatneighborhood.Oneday.athirteenyearoldboyfromthisgroupofkidsreadinthelocalnewspaperthatadeveloperwantedtofillinthepondsandbuildoverahundredsmallhousescalledcondominiums.Sotheboywentdoortodoorandgatheredmorethantwohundredsignatures(签名）tostopthedevelopmentAgroupofcitizensmetanddecidedtosupporthim.Atthemeetingofthetownplanningboard(委员会)，theboywasquitenervousatfirstandspokeverysoftly.Butwhenhesawthefacesofhisfriendsandneighborsinthecrowdandthoughtaboutwhatwashappeningtotheirfavoriteponds，hisvoicegrewlouder.Hetoldthetownofficialsthattheyshouldspeakforthecitizens.Healsoinsistedthattheyshouldleaveenoughspaceforchildren.Afewdayslater，thedeveloperstoppedhisplan.Nineyearslater,whenthatteenwasaseniorincollege,hewasinformedthatthedeveloperwasbackwithhisproposaltobuildcondominiums.Nowtwentytwoyearsold,hewasstudyingwetlandsecology.Heagainappearedbeforethetownplanningboard.Thistimeasanexpertwitness,heusedenvironmentalprotectionlawstoexplainrestrictionsondevelopmentinandaroundwetlandsandtheknowledgeofwetlandsecologytohelpimprovethedevelopment.Finallysomecondominiumswerebuilt,butlessthanhalfthenumberthedeveloperwanted.Thepondswherethosekidsusedtohangaroundwereprotectedbyastripofnaturalland，andarestilltheretoday.81.Whatdidthekidsliketodoatthelocalpondsinwinter?(Nomorethan6words)(2marks)——————————————————————————————————————82.Howdidtheboywinthecitizens’support?(Nomorethan10words)(2marks)——————————————————————————————————————83.Whatdidtheboytellthetownofficials?(Nomorethan16words)(3mar——————————————————————————————————————84.Whathelpedtheboytoprotectthepondssuccessfullynineyearslater?(Nomorethan12words)(3marks)——————————————————————————————————————81.【*】Theylikedtoskating。【试题解析】考察细节题。根据第一段2,3行Insummertheycaughtfrogsandfish.Whenwinterarrivedtheycouldn’twaittogoskating.可知在夏天，他们抓鱼和青蛙，在冬天他们就在结*的池塘上滑*。82.【*】Hewentdoortodoorandgatheredtheirsignatures。【试题解析】细节题。根据第二段最后2行Sotheboywentdoortodoorandgatheredmorethantwohundredsignatures(签名）tostopthedevelopmentAgroupofcitizensmetanddecidedtosupporthim.可知他得知开发商要填平那个池塘的时候，他挨家挨户地求得别人的签名来阻止开发商这样做。83.【*】Hetoldthemtheyshouldspeakforthecitizensandleaveenoughspaceforchildren.【试题解析】考察细节题。根据第三段4,5行Hetoldthetownofficialsthattheyshouldspeakforthecitizens.Healsoinsistedthattheyshouldleaveenoughspaceforchildren.84.【*】Environmentalprotectionlawsandtheknowledgeofwetlandsecology【试题解析】根据文章最后一段倒数4,5行heusedenvironmentalprotectionlawstoexplainrestrictionsondevelopmentinandaroundwetlandsandtheknowledgeofwetlandsecologytohelpimprovethedevelopment.可知他使用的是环境保护法以及湿地生态系统的知识来保护了池塘。六（2014*苏卷）第四部分任务型阅读（共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分）Theexpression,"everybody'sdoingit,"isverymuchatthecenteroftheconceptofpeerpressure.Itisastronginfluenceofagroup,especiallyofchildren,onmembersofthatgrouptobehaveaseverybodyelsedoes.Itcanbepositiveornegative.Mostpeopleexperienceitinsomewayduringtheirlives.Peoplearesocialcreaturesbynature,andsoitishardlysurprisingthatpartoftheirselfrespectesfromtheapprovalofothers.Thisinstinctiswhytheapprovalofpeers,orthefearofdisapproval,issuchapowerfulforceinmanypeople'slives.Itisthesameinstinctthatdrivespeopletodressonewayathomeandanotherwayatwork,ortoanswer"fine"whenastrangerasks"howareyou?"evenifitisnotnecessarilytrue.Thereisapracticalaspecttothis:ithelpssocietytofunctionefficiently,andencouragesagenerallevelofselfdisciplinethatsimplifiesdaytodayinteraction.Forcertainindividuals,seekingsocialacceptanceissoimportantthatitbeeslikeanaddiction:inordertosatisfythedesire,theymaygosofarastoabandontheirsenseofrightandwrong.Teensandyoungadultsmayfeelforcedtousedrugs,orjoingangsthatencouragecriminalbehavior.Matureadultsmaysometimesfeelpressuredtocoverupillegalactivityatthepanywheretheywork,orendupindebtbecausetheyareunabletoholdbackthedesiretobuyahouseorcarthattheycan'taffordinaneffortto"keepupwiththeJoneses."However,peerpressureisnotalwaysnegative.Astudentwhosefriendsaregoodatacademicsmaybeurgedtostudyharderandgetgoodgrades.Playersonasportsteammayfeeldriventoplayharderinordertohelptheteamwin.Thistypeofinfluencecanalsogetafriendoffdrugs,ortohelpanadulttakeupagoodhabitordropabadone.Studygroupsandclassprojectsareexamplesofpositivepeergroupsthatencouragepeopletobetterthemselves.Schoolstrytoteachkidsaboutthedangersofnegativepeerpressure.Theyteachkidstostandupandbethemselves,andencouragethemtopolitelydeclinetodothingsthattheybelievearewrong.Similarly,itcanbehelpfilltoencouragechildrentogreetthebeneficialinfluenceofpositivepeergroups.WhatispeerpressureConceptofpeerpressureA(73)___FunctionofpeerpressuretosocietyBeingsocialcreatures,peopleexpecttheapprovalfromtheirfellowmembers.Peoplearoundwillaffecthowonelives(74)_____.Influencesofpeerpressureon(75)______Thedesiretobesociallyacceptedbyone'speersislikeadrug.Negativeinfluencesincludelackof(76)_____sense,criminaloffences,andoverconsumption.Positiveinfluencesarcgoodgrades,team(77)____andthebuildingupofgood(78)_____etc.Toavoidthedangerofnegativepeerpressure,kidsshouldlearntobe(79)____whennecessary,andsay(80)______toanythingthatiswrongorillegal.Peerpressurereferstothestrong(71)____thatyoumustdothingsthewayotherpeopleofyouragedo.Peerpressurehelpssocietyfunctionefficiently.Itworksinnearlyeveryoneofus,and(72)___usinonewayoranother,goodorbad.71.【*】feeling【试题解析】推理题。根据文章第一段2,3行Itisastronginfluenceofagroup,especiallyofchildren,onmembersofthatgrouptobehaveaseverybodyelsedoes.Peerpressure（同龄人压力）是指同龄人的行为会影响到同一群里另外的年轻人会有相似的行为。也就是说Peerpressure会让我们有一种强烈的感觉要做和同龄人一样的事情，所以feeling正确。72.【*】influences【试题解析】推理题。根据第一段2,3行Itisastronginfluenceofagroup,especiallyofchildren,onmembersofthatgrouptobehaveaseverybodyelsedoes.Itcanbepositiveornegative.可知Peerpressure对每个人都会有一些，这种影响可能是积极的，也可能是消极的。本句中的influences与前面的works是并列结构。73.【*】practical【试题解析】归纳总结题。根据文章第二段第五行Thereisapracticalaspecttothis可知peerpressure会产生很多现实的影响，这些影响都是实际存在的。74.【*】unconsciously【试题解析】推理题。根据文章第三段3,4,5行Teensandyoungadultsmayfeelforcedtousedrugs,orjoingangsthatencouragecriminalbehavior.Matureadultsmaysometimesfeelpressuredtocoverupillegalactivityatthepanywheretheywork可知不管是年轻人还是成年人都在不知不觉中收到同龄人的影响。故使用unconsciously表示无意识地。【*】individuals【试题解析】原词再现。根据第三段第一行Forcertainindividuals可知同龄人的压力对个体会产生很大的影响。76.【*】moral【试题解析】推理题。根据文章第三段2,3,4行inordertosatisfythedesire,theymaygosofarastoabandontheirsenseofrightandwrong.Teensandyoungadultsmayfeelforcedtousedrugs,orjoingangsthatencouragecriminalbehavior.可知同龄人的压力会让人丧失道德准则，不辨是非，甚至违法犯罪。本句中的moral指道德的。77.【*】spirit【试题解析】推理题。根据第四段2,3行Playersonasportsteammayfeeldriventoplayharderinordertohelptheteamwin.可知同龄人的压力也有积极的影响，为了帮助自己锁在的队伍获胜，他们会养成团队合作精神。故使用名词spirit。78【*】.habits【试题解析】原词再现。根据第四段3,4行Thistypeofinfluencecanalsogetafriendoffdrugs,ortohelpanadulttakeupagoodhabitordropabadone.可知peerpressure可以帮助人们养成好的习惯并抛弃一些不好的习惯。79.【*】independent【试题解析】推理题。根据文章最后一段Theyteachkidstostandupandbethemselves可知要教会孩子*，并做真正的自己。80.【*】no【试题解析】推理题。根据最后一段encouragethemtopolitelydeclinetodothingsthattheybelievearewrong.可知要鼓励孩子拒绝去做一些他们认为错误的事情。句中的decline拒绝转换成saynoto。七（2014*西卷）阅读表达（共小题；每小题2分，满分10分）阅读下面短文并回答问题，然后将*写到答题卡相应的位置上（请注意问题后的词数要求）。【1】Asafariparkisaparkinwhichwildanimalsarekept.TheyaremainlylocatedineastorcentralAfrica.Theyoftenoccupyaverywildarea,withmountainsandrivers.Tovisittheparkandlookattheanimals,peoplehavetodrivearoundinacarforafewofhoursbecausetheparkishuge.【2】InsouthAfricathereisasafaripark,whichcontainsallsortsofwildanimalslikelions,elephants,rhinoceroses(犀牛),zebras,wildpigs,deerandgiraffes.【3】Thereisawildroadleadingthroughthepark,butnobodyispermittedtowalkontheroad.Anyonetravelingintheparkhastogoinacarbecausewildanimalsmayfiercelyattackpeople.FromthecarhemayseealmosteverytypesofAfricanwildlife.Someofthesearegettingscarce(稀有的)becausepeoplekillthemforvariousreasons.Forexample,rhinocerosesarekilledfortheirhorns(角),whichareusedintraditionalChinesemedicinesforcoldsandheadaches.Perhapstheywillbeseenonlyinmuseumsandbooksoneday.【4】Travelsmaypurchasefoodfortheanimals.Theycanfeedthemwhentheytourthepark.Ofcourse,theyshouldnotfeedtheminaclosedistancebecausethewildanimalsmayattackpeople.Inaddition,theyshouldonlygiveproperfoodtotheanimals.【】Atravelermaycarryagunwithhiminhisjourney.Thegunisgiventohimbythegovernment.However,itisnotusedforhunting.Infact,asealisfixedtoit.Thetravelermayfireatawildbeasttodefendhimselfincaseheisattacked.However,hehastoprovetothegovernmentthathehasbeenattackedandthathehasnotfiredataharmlessanimal.76.Listoneofthereasonswhytravelershavetostayinacarduringtheirvisit.（nomorethan6words）_____________________________________________________________________77.Whyarerhinocerosesgettingscarce?（nomorethan7words）_____________________________________________________________________78.Whatwarningaregiventotravelerswhentheyfeedtheanimals?（nomorethan15words）_____________________________________________________________________79.Howdoesthegovernmentknowthegunisfired?（nomorethan10words）_____________________________________________________________________80.Whatisthepassagemainlyabout?（nomorethan6words）76.【*】Theparkishuge或Animalsmayattackpeople【试题解析】细节题。根据文章第一段第三句Tovisittheparkandlookattheanimals,peoplehavetodrivearoundinacarforafewofhoursbecausetheparkishuge和第三段第2句Anyonetravelingintheparkhastogoinacarbecausewildanimalsmayfiercelyattackpeople.可知公园很大，以及动物可能会攻击人类这两个原因导致人们不得不坐在车里游览这个公园。77.【*】Peoplekillthemfortheirhorns【试题解析】细节题。根据文章第三段3,4行Forexample,rhinocerosesarekilledfortheirhorns(角),whichareusedintraditionalChinesemedicinesforcoldsandheadaches可知犀牛被猎杀是因为人们需要它的角。78.【*】Stayingawayfromtheanimalsandgivingthemproperfood.【试题解析】细节题。根据第四段2,3句Ofcourse,theyshouldnotfeedtheminaclosedistancebecausethewildanimalsmayattackpeople.Inaddition,theyshouldonlygiveproperfoodtotheanimals.可知要在一个安全的距离喂食，另外要喂适当的食物。79.【*】Bycheckingtheseal【试题解析】细节题。根据第五段2,3句However,itisnotusedforhunting.Infact,asealisfixedtoit.可知*会使用seal来看你是否开**击。80.【*】AsafariparkinSouthAfrica【试题解析】主旨大意题。本文主要讲述的是在南非的asafaripark里旅游的信息。八（2014辽宁卷）根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Eyesightplaysaveryimportantroleinourdailylife.Everywakingmoment,theeyesareworkingtoseetheworldaroundus.OverfortypercentofAmericansworryaboutlosingeyesight,butit’seasytoincludestepsintoourdailylifetoensurehealthyeyes.Herearefivesuggestionsforalifetimeofhealthyeyesight:•Scheduleyearlyexams.36Expertsadviseparentstobringbabies6to12monthsofagetothedoctorforacarefulcheck.Thegoodnewsisthatmillionsofchildrennowcanhaveyearlyeyeexamsandfollowingtreatment,includingeyeglasses.•ProtectagainstUVrays(紫外线).Longtermstayinthesuncreatesrisktoyoureyes.Nomatterwhattheseasonis,it’sextremelyimportanttowearsunglasses.37•Giveyoureyesabreak.TwothirdsofAmericansspenduptosevenhoursadayusingputersorotherdigitalproducts.38Expertsremendthatpeoplepracticethe20/20/20rule:every20minutes,takea20secondbreakandlookatsomething20feetaway.•39Aspartofahealthydiet,eatmorefruitsandvegetableseachday.Vitamins(维生素)CandEhelpprotecteyesightandpromoteeyehealth.•Practicesafewearandcareofcontactlenses（隐形眼镜）.ManyAmericansusecontactlensestoimprovetheireyesight.Whilesomefollowthemedicalguidanceforwearingcontactlenses,manyarebreakingtherulesandputtingtheireyesightatrisk.40Otherwise,youmayhaveproblemssuchasredeyes,painintheeyes,oramoreseriouscondition.A.Eatyourgreens.Eyecareshouldbeginearlyinlife.Theycanproperlyprotectyoureyes.D.Stayingoodshapebytakingmorevitamins.E.Parentsusuallydon’tcaneabouttheirowneyesight.F.Alwaysfollowthedoctor’sadviceforappropriatewear.G.Thisfrequenteyeactivityincreasestheriskforeyetiredness.36.【*】【试题解析】本段的标题是Scheduleyearlyexams安排每年都检查眼睛。横线下一句：Expertsadviseparentstobringbabies6to12monthsofagetothedoctorforacarefulcheck.可知专家建议父母亲在612个月的时候就带着孩子去进行眼部检查。也就说眼部检查要尽可能地早进行。故正确。37.【*】【试题解析】长时间地在强烈的阳光下，都会伤害到我们的眼睛。所以不管是什么季节，我们都要佩戴太阳镜，因为太阳镜可能会保护我们的视力。故项符合上下文串联。38.【*】G【试题解析】本段的标题是Giveyoureyesabreak.让眼睛休息。本段第一句三分之二的美国人花7个小时的时间使用电脑或者电子产品。没有让我们的眼睛得到休息，这样频繁地使用会增加我们眼睛疲劳的危险。故G项符合上下文串联。39.【*】A【试题解析】根据本段第一句Aspartofahealthydiet,eatmorefruitsandvegetableseachday.可知要多吃蔬菜等绿*食品，对我们的眼睛是有好处的。故A项符合段落大意。40.【*】F【试题解析】很多人都佩戴隐形眼镜等，但是在使用中总是没有按照使用说明，这也让他们的眼睛处于危险之中。那么我们要采纳医生的建议，合理使用这些设备。故F项符合上下文。九（2014山东卷）阅读下面的短文并用英语回答问题，然后将*写到答题卡相应的位置上（请注意问题后的字数要求）。[1]Nowadaysthecostofanewcarhasfalleninrealtermssothatitischeaperthanevertoownone,andbetterroadconditionshavealsoattractedmoredrivers.Theresultisovercrowdingontheroadsystem,whichisoneoftheproblemsthelocalgovernmentsarefacedwith.[2]Whenpeopletraveltoothertowns,theproblemmightberelievedbygettingthemtoparkoutsidethetown.Busescouldbeprovidedtotakethemintothecentre.TheseParkandRideprojectsareincreasinglypopularintheUK.AtSoutherton,forexample,acouncilfundedprojectledtoa15%dropincitycentretrafficoverfivemonths.[3]Whatthecouncilfound,though,wasthattheprojectprovedsomewhatunpopularwithshopownersintheareaoutsidethecentre.Manyoftheirshopsreliedonpassingcardriversforsomeoftheirtrade.Asthenumberofpeopledrivingpastdropped,sodidtheirines.[4]Makingcardrivingexpensiveisanotherwayof____________.Roadtaxestendtomeanthatpeopleusetheircarsless.Finingdriverswhoareinareaswherecarshavebeenbannedcanalsotendtoencouragethemtoleavetheircarsbehind.[5]However,onethinghastobegotrightforanysolutiontosucceed.Ifweexpectpeopletogiveupthehabitofdriving,wemustgivethemanalternativetheycanrelyon.Constantdelays,unannouncedchangestothetimetableandsuddencancellationsalldiscouragepeoplefromusingpublictransport.Peoplewillonlyseeitasarealchoiceifthebusesandtrainsareontime.66.WhatcausesovercrowdingontheroadsystemaccordingtoParagraph1?(nomorethan12words)_______________________________________________________________________________67.WhatshouldpeopledowhentravelingtoothertownsaccordingtotheParkandRideprojects?(nomorethan10words)_______________________________________________________________________________68.Whyweresomeshopownersunhappyabouttheproject?(nomorethan10words)_______________________________________________________________________________69.FillintheblankinParagraph4.(nomorethan8words)_______________________________________________________________________________70.WhyarepeopleunwillingtousepublictransportaccordingtoParagraph5?(nomorethan8words)_______________________________________________________________________________66.【*】Thereduced/lowedcostofanewcarandbetterroadconditions【试题解析】细节题。根据文章第一段1,2行Nowadaysthecostofanewcarhasfalleninrealtermssothatitischeaperthanevertoownone,andbetterroadconditionshavealsoattractedmoredrivers.可知汽车越来越便宜，道路条件越来越好。这两个原因导致道路越来越拥挤。67.【*】Theyshouldparkoutsidethetown,andtakethebustothecentre【试题解析】细节题。根据文章第二段1,2行Whenpeopletraveltoothertowns,theproblemmightberelievedbygettingthemtoparkoutsidethetown.Busescouldbeprovidedtotakethemintothecentre.可知当我们去其他城里的时候，需要把汽车停在城外，然后乘坐公交车进城。68.【*】Theirinesdroppedbecausefewerpeopledrovepast【试题解析】推理题。根据文章第三段Manyoftheirshopsreliedonpassingcardriversforsomeoftheirtrade.Asthenumberofpeopledrivingpastdropped,sodidtheirines.可知因为人流量的减少，这些店主的收入也下降了，所以他们很不开心。69.【*】encouragingpeopletousepublictransportmoreencouragingpeopletousecarslessrelievingtheproblem（ofovercrowding）【试题解析】推理题。根据横线前面半句Makingcardrivingexpensiveisanotherwayof可知讲述的是让人们少开私家车，多乘坐公共交通的方法之一就是要让自己开车的成本变高。70.【*】Becausepublictransportisnotreliable/satisfactory.【试题解析】细节题。根据文章第五段3,4行Constantdelays,unannouncedchangestothetimetableandsuddencancellationsalldiscouragepeoplefromusingpublictransport可知现在的公交系统很不完善，公交车经常延误，时间经常变化让人们不愿意乘坐公交车。十（2014陕西卷）根据短文内容，从下框的A~F选项中选出能概括每一段主题的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该选项涂黑。选项中有一项为多余项。A.RealwinnersoftourismB.NegativeeffectsoftourismC.GrowingtourismintheworldD.DevelopingtourismwithcautionE.BenefitstothelocalsfromtourismF.Tourismproblemsandpossiblesolutions61.__________________OntheMediterraneanislandofMajorcainSpain,thelocalsareangry.Toolate.Inthelastquarterof20thcentury,theyobtainedprofitfromforeignvisitorswantingtobuyuppropertyontheirbeautifulisland.Suddenly,itoccurredtoMajorcathattheislandnolongerbelongedtothem.Its630,000inhabitants（居民）areincreasinglyconvincedthatthe14millionvisitorsayeararefartoomuchofagoodthing.Waterisinshortsupply,pollutionisworsening,andthereisnoaffordablehousingleftforthemtobuy.62.__________________Tourismistheworld’slargestandfastestgrowingindustry.In1950,25millionpeopletraveledabroad;lastyear,itwas750million.TheWorldTourismOrganizationpredictsthat1.6billionpeople,by2020,willtraveleachyear,spendingovertwotrillion（万亿）USdollars.63.__________________Thehostcountrymaynotseemanybenefits.InThailand,60%ofthe$4billionannualtourismineleavesthecountry.Touristsarrangebytravelpaniestendtostayatabigforeignownedhotels,buyingfewlocalproducts.Masstourism（团队旅游）usuallyleaveslittlemoneyinsidethecountryandmostofthemoneygoestotheairlines,thetouroperators,andtheforeignhotelowners,whoarethefinalwinnersoftourism.64.__________________Thesedaystheindustry’smosturgentquestionmaybehowtocontroltheflowoftourist.AtypicalexampleofthisisItaly,wheregreatculturalcentersliketheFlorenceandVenicecan’thandleallthetouriststheygeteverysummer.InFlorence,it’shalfinhabitantshavetolivewiththepollution,trafficjam,andcrimecausedby11millionvisitorsayear.Nowthereistalkabouthowtosolvetheseproblems,likeraisinghoteltaxes,orevenchangingadmissiontosomepublicsquares.Theideaistodiscourageatleastsomevisitors,aswellastopayforcleaningupthemess.65.__________________Formanypoorercountries,tourismmaystillofferthebesthopefoedevelopment.TheVietnamesearedoingtheirbesttoopenuptheircountry.Libyahaspaid$1millionforastudy.Theyallwantedtourists.Yetifsomethingisn’tdone,tourismseemscertaintobeethevictimofitssuccess.Itseffectontheenvironmentisamajorconcern.Forthisreason,touristorganizationsneedtohavesecondthoughtsaboutwhatexactlytheyaretryingtosell.61.【*】B【试题解析】推理题。根据本段最后3行Its630,000inhabitants（居民）areincreasinglyconvincedthatthe14millionvisitorsayeararefartoomuchofagoodthing.Waterisinshortsupply,pollutionisworsening,andthereisnoaffordablehousingleftforthemtobuy.可知旅游业给当地带来了很多的问题，如水供应，污染等等。本段叙述的是旅游业的负面影响。故B正确。62.【*】C【试题解析】根据本段第一句Tourismistheworld’slargestandfastestgrowingindustry.可知旅游业是世界上最大也是增长最迅速的行业。故C项符合段落大意。63.【*】A【试题解析】根据本段最后一句Masstourism（团队旅游）usuallyleaveslittlemoneyinsidethecountryandmostofthemoneygoestotheairlines,thetouroperators,andtheforeignhotelowners,whoarethefinalwinnersoftourism.可知真正的赢家不是这个国家，而是那些旅游公司，航空公司等等。故本段讨论的是旅游业真正的赢家。故A正确。64.【*】F【试题解析】根据本段首尾句Thesedaystheindustry’smosturgentquestionmaybehowtocontroltheflowoftourist.和Theideaistodiscourageatleastsomevisitors,aswellastopayforcleaningupthemess.可知本段主要讲述的是旅游业的问题以及如何来处理这些问题，如提高税收等。故F项正确。65.【*】D【试题解析】根据本段最后一句Forthisreason,touristorganizationsneedtohavesecondthoughtsaboutwhatexactlytheyaretryingtosell.可知对于那些迫切希望打开旅游业市场的国家来说要特别注意，因为旅游业也有很多的问题，所以一定要谨慎。故D项正确。十一（2014四川卷）Mary:Mike,howdoIlookinthesebluejeans?Mike:Theyreallysuityou,Mary!Mary:Thanks,youknow,thesekindsofjeansareinstylenow.Mike:52Mary:Imean...theyareverypopularthesedays;everyoneiswearingthem!Mike:Youaregreatatkeepingupwithfashions.53Mike:Perhapsyoucanhelpmepickoutapairofjeansnow,sinceyouareanexpert.Mary:54Iwouldbehappytohelpyouwithyourfashionchange!Mike:55A.Wow,great!B.Noproblem!C.Seeyouthen.D.Anysuggestions?E.Iamagirlafterall.F.Whatdoyoumean?G.Thankyousomuch!【*】A【试题解析】Mary问Mike：她穿上牛仔怎么样；并根据后文Theyreallysuityou可知Mike认为穿着很漂亮。故A项符合上下文串联。52.【*】F【试题解析】根据后文Mary所说的Imean…theyareverypopularthesedays;可知是对instyle的解释。说明Mike不理解这个词语的含义。故F项符合上下文语境。53.【*】E【试题解析】根据上句Mike评价Mary擅跟随时尚。选项只有E项：我只是个女孩。表示谦虚，应答对方的赞扬。【*】【试题解析】上句Perhapsyoucanhelpmepickoutapairofjeansnow可知对方请求帮他挑牛仔裤，本句对此进行回答。*为：没问题。符合上下文。【*】G【试题解析】对方同意了你的请求。故Mike需要表示感谢。故G项符合语境串联。十二（2014四川卷）第一节阅读表达Whenmyfatherwascelebratingamilestone(里程碑)birthday,Ipulledtogetherasurprisegiftthathewouldneverforget.Ashewasapproaching60,1hadafunidea:WhatifIcouldgetthememoriespeoplehadofhim,puteachoneintoanenvelope60intotalandhavehimopenthem,onebyone,onhisbirthday?SoIwroteanemailtofamilyandfriends,explainingmyidea.Isenttheemailandwaited.AndthentherepliesstartedinginandIwasvery,verysurprised.Thereweresomanymemories,andtheywereallsolovely.Theycamefromthe'50s,'60s,'70s,fromeverydecade（十年）betweennowandthedaymydadwasborn.Theycamefrommymother,mysiblings,mygrandma,mydad'sfriendsfromhighschool,hissister,mydad'sfirstboss,acolleagueathisfirstjob,frompeoplewhohadn'tseenmydadin40years,frompeopleImyselfhadn'teveninformed.Theytypedthemandhandwrotethem.Theymailedthemandemailedthem.ThenightbeforeDad'sbirthday,mysisterand1stayeduplate,puttingeverythingtogetherwithsomeenvelopes.Thenextmorning,afterbreakfastandpresentsandcake,wegavethepileofenvelopestohim."Justonemorethingforyou,"wesaid.Ittookhimalongtimetoopenthemandread.Eachonewasabrieftickettoanothertime,aleap(跳跃)backwardoveryearsanddecades.Therewasalotoflaughterandafewtears,too.Iwaskindofsadwhentheprojectwasoverbecauseitwasgreatfuntocollectthesememories.Itgavemeadifferentpictureofmydad.56.Whendidtheauthorgiveherfatherasurprisegift?(nomorethan4words)57.Whosentthemails?(nomorethan6words)58.Whydidtheauthorandhersisterstayuplatethenightbeforetheirfather'sbirthday?(nomorethan9words)59.Howdidtheauthor'sfathermostprobablyfeelwhenheread(hemails?(nomorethan3words)60.Whatwasthesurprisegift?(nomorethan6words)【*】Onhis60thbirthday。【试题解析】细节题。根据文章第一第2句Ipulledtogetherasurprisegiftthathewouldneverforget.作者是打算在她父亲60岁生日时，给她父亲一个惊奇的礼物。【*】Thepeoplewhoknow/knewherfather。【试题解析】细节题。根据第三段话3,4行Theycamefrommymother,mysiblings,mygrandma,mydad’sfriendsfromhighschool,hissister,mydad’sfirstboss,acolleagueathisfirstjob,frompeoplewhohadn’tseenmydadin40years,frompeopleImyselfhadn’teveninformed这些人都是认识父亲的人。【*】Becausetheyneedtoputthemailsintoenvelopes。【试题解析】细节题。根据文章第四段第一句ThenightbeforeDad'sbirthday,mysisterandIstayeduplate,puttingeverythingtogetherwithsomeenvelopes作者需要把这些mails放入信封。【*】Hefelt/wasmoved/excited/happy。【试题解析】推理题。根据文章倒数第二段最后一句Therewasalotoflaughterandafewtears,too可知这些邮件让父亲高兴，也很激动，甚至都流泪了。60.【*】Thememoriesabout/oftheauthor’sfather。【试题解析】主旨大意题。通读全文可以得知，作者在其父亲60岁生日时给他的惊奇的礼物便是人们对他父亲过往事情的回忆。十三（2014天津卷）阅读短文，按照题目要求用英语回答问题。LastDecember,DorisLowturned90.OnceaweekshestilldrivestotheCanadianNationalInstitutefortheBlind(CNIB)inToronto,whereshehelpstransformliteratureintoBraille(盲文)tobringthepowerofstoryandknowledgetothehearsandmindsofblindreaders.Shehasbeenvolunteeringhertimeandtalentstosuchenterprisesfoemorethan40years.Afterworkinginthebusinessworldforawhile,Lowgotfedup.Sosheturnedtoteachingatatechnicalschoolandlatermovedintothelibrary.Low’smotherlikedreading.Ashereyesbegantofail,lowreadtoher.Then“hearinganadvertisementencouragingpeopletolearnBraille,Idecidedtogiveitatry.”In1973,shewascertifiedasabrailletranscriber(转译者)andbegantranscribingbooksasavolunteerfortheCNIBlibrary.Thejobwasstrenuousshecouldgettotheendofapage,makeamistakeonthelastline,andhavetodothewholethingagain.Foranumberofyears,lowalsoworkedintheCNIBsoundstudioreadingbooksontotape.Threeyearsago,shetookupproofreading(校对)attheCNIB’swordfactory.InApril,duringVolunteerWeek,theCNIBrecognizedLowforhergreatcontributions.ThankstovolunteerslikeLow,theCNIBlibraryhasgotmorethan80,000accessiblematerialsforpeopleunabletoreadtraditionalprint.“Ican’timaginehowmanyreadersofallageshavebenefitedfromDoris’scontributionasaskilledvolunteerthroughherrichvoiceandherhighdegreeofaccuracyinthehundredsofbooksshehasbrailledandproofreadovertheyearsandsheisstilldoingso,”saidaCNIBofficial.“Forme,”saidLow,“theCNIBismorethanjustaplacetovolunteer.Threethingsmattermostinmylife:alittleplay,alittlework,alittlelove.I’vefoundthemallhere.”56.WhatdoesLowstilldoattheageof90attheCNIB?(nomorethan10words)57.whydidLowlearnBraille?(nomorethan15words)58.whatdoestheunderlinedword“strenuous”mostprobablymean?(1word)59.WhatareLow’scontributionstotheCNIB?(nomorethan10words)60.WhatdoyouthinkofLow?Giveyourreasons.(nomorethan20words)【*】ShehelpstransformliteratureintoBraille(forblindreaders/theblind)【试题解析】细节题。根据第一段第2行whereshehelpstransformliteratureintoBraille(盲文)tobringthepowerofstoryandknowledgetothehearsandmindsofblindreaders.可知她仍然在为盲人的阅读和知识而翻译那些盲文。【*】(Because)hermother’seyesbegantofailanssheheardan/theadvertisement.【试题解析】细节题。根据文章第三段1,2行Low’smotherlikedreading.Ashereyesbegantofail,lowreadtoher.Then“hearinganadvertisementencouragingpeopletolearnBraille,Idecidedtogiveitatry.”可知她的母亲眼睛看不见了，她又听说古人人们学习盲文的广告，所以她决定这样做。【*】….Hard/tiring/Tough【试题解析】推理题。根据下一句shecouldgettotheendofapage,makeamistakeonthelastline,andhavetodothewholethingagain.可知如果她犯了一个错误，那么要全部都重新来过。说明这份工作很困难，要求很细心。而且很乏味。59.shehasbrailledandproofreadhundredsofbooks,andreadbooksontotape.【试题解析】细节题。根据文章倒数第二段后三行Ican’timaginehowmanyreadersofallageshavebenefitedfromDoris’scontributionasaskilledvolunteerthroughherrichvoiceandherhighdegreeofaccuracyinthehundredsofbooksshehasbrailledandproofreadovertheyearsandsheisstilldoingso,”saidaCNIBofficial.可知她为这个图书馆转换了很多盲文书籍还为很多的磁带配音。60【*】LowiskindandhelpfulbecauseshehasdevotedmuchtimetotranscribingbooksintoBrailleasavolunteer.OrLowisakinheartedladywithapositiveattitudetowardlifebecauseshetakesdelightinhelpingothers.【试题解析】她是一个很善良的人，作为志愿者她为了看不见的盲人转换了很多盲文书籍还为很多的磁带配音。根据文章最后Threethingsmattermostinmylife:alittleplay,alittlework,alittlelove.I’vefoundthemallhere.”可知她以帮助他人为乐。十四（2014新课标I）根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Thejobsofthefuturehavenotyetbeeninvented.36.Byhelpingthemdevelopclassicskillsthatwillservethemwellnomatterwhatthefutureholds.1.CuriosityYourchildrenneedtobedeeplycurious.37.Askkids,“Whatingredients(配料)canweaddtomakethesepancakesevenbetternexttime?”andthentrythemout.Ingredientsmakethepancakesbetter?Whatcouldwetrynexttime?2.CreativityTruecreativityistheabilitytotakesomethingexistingandcreatesomethingnew38.Thereareadozendifferentthingsyoucandowiththem.Experimentingwithmaterialstocreatesomethingnewcangoalongwayinhelpingthemdeveloptheircreativity.3.PersonalskillsUnderstandinghowothersfeelcanbeachallengeforkids.Weknowwhat’sgoingoninsideourownhead,butwhataboutothers?Beingabletoreadpeoplehelpskidfrommisreadingasituationandjumpingtofalseconclusions.39.“Whydoyouthinkshe’scrying?”“Canyoutellhowthatmanisfeelingbylookingathisface?”“Ifsomeoneweretodothattoyou,howwouldyoufeel?”4.SelfExpression40therearemanywaystoexpressthoughtsandideas–music,acting,drawing,building,photography.Youmayfindthatyourchildisattractedbyonemorethananother.Encouragekidstocookwithyou.Andwecan’tforgetscienceeducation.Wecangivekidschancestothinkaboutmaterialsinnewways.Sohowcanwehelpourkidsprepareforjobsthatdon’tyetexist?Gardeningisanothergreatactivityforhelpingkidsdevelopthisskill.Wecandothisinreallifeoraskquestionsaboutcharactersinstories.Beingabletomunicateideasinameaningfulwayisavaluableskill.36．【*】D【试题解析】推理题。根据前一句Thejobsofthefuturehavenotyetbeeninvented未来的工作还没有发明出来。所以我们也不知道它们究竟是什么样子的。更谈不上让我们的孩子为之做好准备。我们能做的就是让我们的孩子练好传统的技能。37.【*】A【试题解析】推理题。根据下一行“Whatingredients(配料)canweaddtomakethesepancakesevenbetternexttime?”可知本段讲述的是做饭，这也是一项传统技能。我们要鼓励孩子和我们一起做饭，通过孩子的好奇心来培养这种传统的技能。38.【*】【试题解析】推理题。根据前面一句Truecreativityistheabilitytotakesomethingexistingandcreatesomethingnew真正的创造能力是从现存的东西里创造出新的东西的能力。所以我们给孩子机会让他们用新的方法来考虑这些现有的事物，以此来培养他们的创造能力。只有项符合上下文串联。39.【*】F【试题解析】根据下面的三个问题“Whydoyouthinkshe’scrying?”“Canyoutellhowthatmanisfeelingbylookingathisface?”“Ifsomeoneweretodothattoyou,howwouldyoufeel?”可知我们要让孩子来思考为什么别人会有各种行为。以此培养他们理解他人思想的能力，以免错误的判断形势得出错误的结论。所以问一下故事里的有关问题可以培养孩子这方面的能力。F项符合上下文语境。40.【*】G【试题解析】根据music,acting,drawing,building,photography.可知这些都是我们表达自己思想的有效方法，能够让孩子有这些有效的方法进行表达思想也是一种很重要的技巧。我们要培养孩子这方面的能力。故G项符合上下文语境。十五（2014浙*卷）下面文章中有个段落需要添加首句（第61—65题）。请从以下选项（A、B、C、D、E和F）中选出适合各段落的首句，并在答题纸上将相应选项的标号涂黑。选项中有一项是多余选项。A.Beagoodlistener.B.Careaboutthedetails.C.Strikeupaconversation.D.Maketimeforfriendships.E.Reachouttothenewers.F.AvoidcausinginconveniencesDevelopBetterRelationshipswithNeighborsGoodneighborsarealotlikeelectricityorrunningwater：wedon’tknowhowmuchwedependonthemuntilwedon’thavethem.Theymakeourlivesmorepleasantandgiveusasenseofwhoweare,bothasanindividualandasamemberofthemunity.Here’showtodevelopyourrelationshipswiththeseveryimportantpeopleinyourlife.61._________Oftenneighborsdon’tevenknoweachother’snames.Butit’sokaytobetheonetobreaktheice,evenifyou’velivednextdoorforyears.Mostneighborsenjoymakingsmalltalkwiththefolksontheothersideofthefence.Soasyouseethematworkintheiryards,smile,wave,andsayhello.Askhowtheirkidsare(whetherthey’rebabiesorincollege),whethertheycoulduseanextracucumberfromyourgarden,orwhattheythinkofthepriceatthelocalsupermarket.62._________Thesedays,theoldWeleWagonisathingofthepast.Butyournewneighborsmaybefeelinglonelyandunsure,especiallyifthey’refarfromhome,andmightappreciateafriendlyfacebearingfreshbakedchocolatecakes.Iftheyhavekids,tellthemwherethechildrenintheneighborhoodlive.Remendthebestplacestoeatandsleep.Invitethemoverforcoffeeorteawhentheygetsettled,givethemyournumber,andpointtoyourhouseasyousaygoodbye.63.__________Returnanythingthatyouborrowfromaneighbor,suchastools,ingoodrepairandassoonasyou’vefinishedwiththem.Replaceanythingthatbelongstoyourneighborthatyou,yourchildren,oryourpetsbreakorsoil.Makesurethatyourcarisnotblockingtheirdoorway.Suchrandomactsofconsiderationwillhaveyourneighborstalking—andthetalkwillbegood.64.__________Ifyouvalueafriendshipwithyourneighbors,spendtimewiththem.Whatbetterwaytomeetyourneighborsthantoinvitethemtoaninformalbarbecue,poolparty,orholidayopenhouse?Betteryet,youmightevenconsiderthrowingagettogetherintheirhonor.Delivertheinvitationsinpersontoeveryonewholivesonyourstreetandchatwitheachforfiveminutesbeforemovingontothenexthouse.Thisway,youwillgetanideaofwhatyourneighborsarelikesothatyoucanplanforappropriatefoodandmusic.65.___________Inagoodrelationship,it’sreallythelittlethingsthatcount.Helptobringinthemailfortheelderlyneighborwhenthereisaheavyrain.Whenyourneighborforgetstotakeinhisrubbishcans,rollthembackintohisyard.Ifyou’retrulyconcerned,you’llknowwhenyourneighborneedssomecheeringup—abunchofflowersorahelpinghandwhenit’sneeded.Allittakestodevelopyourrelationshipwithneighborsistherespectfortheirfeelings.61.C据本段第一句Oftenneighborsdon’tevenknoweachother’snames.Butit’sokaytobetheonetobreaktheice,evenifyou’velivednextdoorforyears.邻居之间甚至都不知道对方的名字，但是打破沉默是很好的。可知作者建议我们要主动开始于邻居对话，因为沟通是最好的相互理解的方法。所以C项符合本段中心思想。62.E据本段第二句Butyournewneighborsmaybefeelinglonelyandunsure,especiallyifthey’refarfromhome,andmightappreciateafriendlyfacebearingfreshbakedchocolatecakes.得知新来的邻居可能会感觉到孤单，尤其是当他们远离家人的时候。再根据本段最后一句Suchrandomactsofconsiderationwillhaveyourneighborstalking—andthetalkwillbegood.可知作者建议我们和他们进行交流。也就是说E项要和新邻居交流符合本段中心思想。63.F根据本段中的Returnanythingthatyouborrowfromaneighbor及时归还你向邻居借用的东西。Makesurethatyourcarisnotblockingtheirdoorway.不要堵住邻居的路。都说明本段告诉我们不要给邻居带来不便。光顾F正确。64.D据本段第一句Ifyouvalueafriendshipwithyourneighbors,spendtimewiththem.如果你珍惜和邻居的友谊，你就应该花时间和邻居在一起。也就是说本段告诉我们要花时间来维持和邻居的友谊。故D项正确。65.B据文章第一句Inagoodrelationship,it’sreallythelittlethingsthatcount.在良好的友谊里，真正重要额那些小事。接着举例进行了详细说明。也就是说作者建议我们要关注细节小事。故B正确。HYPERLINK"http://.."..