高中_英语_英语必修_必修三_编号03：英语：必修3人教版同步练习及*_人教版必修3课时训练4-1

Unit4SectionII课时训练Ⅰ.单词拼写1．This________(理论)ishelpfultoexplainhowtheuniversebegan.*：theory2．Thebigprojecthascostalmostasmuchasone______(十亿)dollars.*：billion3．Twopeoplehavebeenkilledinthe________(*的)incidentonMarch2nd.*：violent4．Acrossthe________(地球)，sealevelvariesbyhundredsoffeet.*：globe5．Peoplesufferinghungerstill________(存在)inmanypartsoftheworldtoday.*：existⅡ.短语填空beginwith，cooldown，givebirthto，intime，prevent...from1．Hefinallycheeredupwhenherealizedhewouldarrive________________tocatchtheplane.*：intime2．Thegovernmenthastakenactionto____________thedisease________spreadingtootherareas.*：prevent；from3．Weshouldspendourbirthdayshonouringourmotherswho________________us.*：gavebirthto4．Ourlongfriendship________________achancemeetinginthepark.*：beganwith5．Thedayshave________________，theleaveshaveturnedyellow，andtheworldisbusypreparingherselfforwinter.*：cooleddownⅢ.单项填空1．You’llsucceed________becauseyouarealwaysworkinghard.A．ontime　　　　　　　B．intimeC．attimesD．atthetime解析：句意：因为你一直在努力工作，所以你早晚会成功的。ontime“按时”；intime“及时；迟早”；attimes“有时”；atthetime“当时”。*：B2．Iadviseyoutogiveupsmokingforitis________toyourhealth.A．harmB．harmlessC．harmfulD．harmfully解析：句意：我建议你戒*，因为吸*对你的身体有害。beharmfulto“对……有害”。*：C3．Itispossibleto________bacteriaandotherlivingthingsinthelaboratory.A．multiplyB．requestC．replyD．found解析：句意：在实验室能够繁殖细菌和其他生物。multiply“繁殖”，符合句意。request“请求”；reply“回答”；found“建立”。*：A4．Weusuallytaketurns________cleaning，andtodayitismyturn________it.A．todo；doingB．do；doC．done；doingD．todo；todo解析：taketurnstodosth.“轮流做某事”；itisone’sturntodosth.“轮到某人做某事了”。*：D5．The________expressiononhisfacesuggestedthathewasnotabletoworkoutthe________problem.A．puzzling；puzzlingB．puzzled；puzzledC．puzzling；puzzledD．puzzled；puzzling解析：句意：他脸上迷惑的表情表明他解不出这个令人困惑的问题。外界事物引起表情变化应用puzzled；修饰problem应用puzzling。*：D6．Thefactthatshewasforeignmade________difficultforhertogetajobinthatcountry.A．soB．muchC．thatD．it解析：句意：她是外国人这个事实使她很难在那个国家找到工作。it是形式主语，真正的主语是togetajobinthatcountry。*：D7．She______downherbookand______inbed.A．lay；laidB．laid；layC．lay；layD．laid；laid解析：句意：她放下了书，在床上躺下了。lay“放置”，过去式是laid；lie“躺下”，过去式是lay。*：B8．Wesuggestthattheyprovideaneffectivewarningsystemto______manyofthedisasters______.A．keep；happeningB．prevent；fromhappeningC．stop；frombeinghappenedD．prevent；frombeinghappened解析：句意：我们建议他们提供有效的预*系统来阻止很多灾难的发生。“prevent...fromdoing...”“阻止……做……”；“keep...doing...”“使……一直做……”；“happen”“发生”，无被动用法。故B项正确。*：B9．It’s________Johntobelate；he’susuallyontime.A．unlikeB．likeC．unlikelyD．likely解析：句意：约翰不像是会迟到的人，他通常都很准时。unlike此处用作介词，意为“不像；非……的特征”，符合句意。unlikely为形容词，意为“不可能的”；likely为形容词，意为“可能的”；like作介词或动词，意为“像；喜欢”。*：A10．Moreandmoreyoungadultsareremainingsingleandthisisbringingabouta________changeintheeducationofyoungpeople.A．violentB．traditionalC．reliableD．inspiring解析：考查形容词词义辨析。句意：越来越多的年轻人保持单身，这导致了对年轻人教育的剧烈变化。violent“猛烈的；激烈的；*的”；traditional“传统的”；reliable“可信赖的；可依靠的”；inspiring“鼓舞人心的”。故选A项。*：A11．Hiswifegave________birthtoalovelybabyandheplannedtohold________partytocelebrateit.A．a；aB．\；aC．\；theD．the；a解析：givebirthto“产生，分娩”；为固定短语；“举行一个聚会来庆祝”，为泛指；故B项正确。*：B12．InmanypartsofChina，therestill________theideathatboysaremoreimportantthangirls.A．existenceB．existedC．isexistingD．exists解析：“thereexists...”“……在/存在”。由“still”一词可知，此处最佳时态应为一般现在时。*：D13．Allpeople，________theyareoldoryoung，richorpoor，havebeentryingtheirbesttohelpthoseinneedsincethedisaster.A．evenifB．whetherC．nomatterD．however解析：句意：自这次灾难以来，所有的人，不管他们是年老的还是年轻的，富有的还是贫穷的，都在尽自己最大的努力去帮助那些需要帮助的人。whether...or...是固定搭配，意为“无论是……还是……；不管是……还是……”。*：B14．Itwas________difficultaquestionthat________peoplecouldanswerit.A．so；fewB．so；afewC．such；fewD．such；afew解析：考查so与such的区别。句意：这个问题非常难以至于几乎没人能回答出来。so后面往往跟形容词，构成结构：so＋adj.＋冠词＋n.；而such修饰名词，构成结构：such＋冠词＋adj.＋n.。一个非常难的问题应为：sodifficultaquestion或suchadifficultquestion。第二个空应选择表示否定的few。故选A项。*：A15．Thebankwasequippedwithnewalarm________.Wecansayit’ssafeandreliablepletely.A．systemB．wayC．orderD．clock解析：句意：银行安装了新的*系统。我们可以说这家银行是非常安全和可信的。system“系统；体系；制度”。故选A项。*：AⅣ.完形填空Howbigisspace？Thatisaquestionmanhasbeenaskingsincethebeginningoftime.Whenyourgrandparentswereinschool，itwas__1__thattheuniversewasvery__2__perhapsonly5,000lightyears__3__.500yearsagopeopleconsideredthattheuniversewasonlyalittlebit__4__thantheearth.Inmoderntimeswiththe__5__oftechnologywearefinallystartingto__6__theimmense(无边的)sizeoftheuniverse，anditismuchbiggerthananyone__7__haveeverimagined.Scientistscannotstretch(伸展)ameasuringtapefromtheearthtoanearbystar，so__8__dotheyknowhowfarawaytheyare？Scientistsusesomething__9__parallax(视差)．Parallaxmeans__10__thattheylookathowmuchthestarsmoveinthesky__11__throughouttheyearastheearthcirclesthesun.Thisisnotsomething__12__toyou.Infactifyoustretchoutyourhandinfrontofyouand__13__yourthumb，while__14__oneeye，andthentheother，yourthumbwill__15__tomovebackandforth.Starsdothe__16__thing，butoureyesaretooclosetoseethe__17__.However，ifwetakeapicturewhileononesideoftheearth’sorbit，andthentakeanotherwhenwegettothe__18__sideoftheorbit，thenwehavealargeenough__19__thatwecanseethestars’parallax，and__20__howfarawaytheyreallyare.1．A.measuredB．betC．thoughtD．proved解析：根据上下文知，这里表达的是在祖父母上学时人们以为宇宙有多大，不是客观事实，所以不能用measured/proved，也不是打赌。*：C2．A.oldB．bigC．mysteriousD．small解析：从后面的only可以看出，在当时大家都认为宇宙只有5,000光年那么大，即人们以为宇宙比较“小”。*：D3．A.overB．acrossC．throughD．outside解析：across此处意为“fromonesidetotheother”。over指“在……的上方”；through指“从……中间穿过”；outside意为“在外面”。*：B4．A.biggerB．smallerC．heavierD．nearer解析：这里讨论的话题是宇宙有多大，所以不是轻重远近的问题。500年以前人们以为宇宙仅仅比地球大一点。*：A5．A.popularityB．powerC．energyD．strength解析：thepowerofthetechnology意为“科技的力量”；popularity意为“普及；流行”；energy意为“能力；精力；活力；能源”；strength通常指“(具体的)力气、力量”。*：B6．A.understandB．controlC．imagineD．feel解析：在科技的帮助下人们开始理解宇宙到底有多大。understand意为“掌握；领会；理解”；control意为“控制”；imagine意为“想象”；feel意为“感觉”。*：A7．A.wouldB．shouldC．couldD．might解析：宇宙比人们以前所想象的要大得多。*：C8．A.whatB．whyC．howD．when解析：下文讲了科学家测量天体之间距离的方法，所以用how。*：C9．A.honoredB．calledC．consideredD．believed解析：科学家用了一种叫作“视差”的方法，所以用called。*：B10．A.actuallyB．exactlyC．generallyD．simply解析：视差就是由决定新视线的观察位置的变化引起的物体方向的明显变化。simply意为“仅仅；简单”；actually意为“实际上；事实上”；exactly意为“确切地”；generally意为“一般；通常”。故simply符合语境。*：D11．A.inandoutB．backandforthC．soonerorlaterD．upanddown解析：根据10题后可知选B。backandforth意为“来回移动”；inandout意为“进进出出”；soonerorlater意为“迟早”；upanddown意为“上上下下”。*：B12．A.unacceptableB．unfamiliarC．unbelievableD．unnatural解析：根据下文所举的例子，人们对这一现象并不陌生。unacceptable意为“无法接受的；不受欢迎的”；unfamiliar意为“不熟悉的”；unbelievable意为“难以置信的”；unnatural意为“不自然的”。*：B13．A.lookatB．shakeC．glareatD．notice解析：把手伸到前面并看你的大拇指。shake意为“摇动”；glareat意为“怒视”；notice意为“注意到”。根据句意，这里仅仅是普通的“看”。*：A14．A.coveringB．openingC．controllingD．hiding解析：这里指先遮住一只眼睛，会看见拇指在一个位置；然后换另一只，拇指又处于另一位置。cover有“遮住，覆盖”的意思。*：A15．A.continueB．happenC．stopD．appear解析：continuetomove指“继续移动”；happentomove指“碰巧在移动”；stoptomove指“停下来然后移动”。这里指人的一种感觉，大拇指会显得来回移动。*：D16．A.monB．differentC．strangeD．same解析：举例就是为了说明视差是如何产生的，所以这里归到主题，说明可以采用同一种方式去测量。*：D17．A.resultB．effectC．differenceD．similarity解析：眼睛之间的距离太近，被观察的物体太远，就很难发现差别。result意为“结果”；effect意为“效果；影响”；similarity意为“相似*”。*：C18．A.suitableB．sameC．oppositeD．correct解析：在与轨道相反的一侧拍照。*：C19．A.distanceB．lengthC．heightD．width解析：有足够的距离观察天体的视差。*：A20．A.realizeB．determineC．recognizeD．design解析：测定天体之间到底有多远。realize意为“意识到；实现”；determine意为“决定；决心；测定”；recognize意为“辨认出；承认”；design意为“计划，筹划”。*：BⅤ.阅读理解Satellitesareanimportantpartofourordinarylives.Forexample，theinformationforweatherforecastsissentbysatellite.SomesatelliteshavecameraswhichtakephotographsoftheEarthtoshowhowcloudsaremoving.Satellitesarealsousedtoconnectourinternationalphonecalls.puterconnectionsoftheWorldWideWebandInteralsousesatellites.ManyofourTVprogramsetoUSthroughsatellites.Airplanepilotsalsosometimesuseasatellitetohelpthemfindtheirexactlocation.Weusesatellitestosendtelevisionpicturesfromonepartoftheworldtoanother.Theyareusually35,880kilometersabovetheequator.Sometimeswecanseeasatelliteintheskyanditseemstostayinthesameplace.Thisisbecauseitismovingaroundtheworldat11,000kilometersanhour—exactlythesamespeedthattheearthrotates.AsatellitemustorbittheEarthwithitsantennae(天线)facingtheearth.Sometimes，itmovesawayfromitsorbit，Sotherearelittlerocketsonitwhichareusedtoputthesatellitebackintherightposition.Thisusuallyhappensabouteveryfiveorsixdays.Spaceisnotempty！Everyweek，moreandmoresatellitesaresentintospacetoorbittheEarth.Asatelliteusuallyworksforabout10­12years.SatelliteswhicharebrokenaresometimesrepairedbyastronautsorsometimesbroughtbacktoEarthtoberepaired.Often，veryoldorbrokensatellitesareleftinspacetoorbittheEarthforaverylongtime.Thisisveryseriousbecausesomesatellitesusenuclearpowerandtheycancrashintoeachother.1．WhichofthefollowingisNOTdonebysatellitesaccordingtothepassage?A．Sendinginformationforweatherforecast.B．TakingphotographsoftheEarth.C．SendingTVpictures.D．Providingfoodforairplanepilots.解析：从第一段可知，A、B两项的内容都是卫星的功能，从第三段可知，卫星还可以发送电视画面，而D项内容文中并未提及。*：D2．What’sthespeedtheearthrotatesat?A．35,880kilometersperhour.B．335,880kilometersperhour.C．11,000kilometersperhour.D．110,000kilometersperhour.解析：从第三段的“Thisisbecauseitismovingaroundtheworldat11.000kilometersanhourexactlythesamespeedthattheearthrotates”可知C项为正确*.*：C3.Whatdoestheunderlinedword"Ihis'inthe3rdparagraphreferto?A.AsatelliteB.AlittlerocketC.AsatelliteseemstostayinthesameplaceintheskyD.Thesatelliteputstherocketsintherightposition解析：土一句话的意思是:有时候我们看到天空中的卫星好像待在同一个地方，这是因为……故本题*为C项.*：C